Writing Guide

Writing Guide

• Times New Roman or Baskerville font should be used when writing papers in an A4-sized application compatible with Microsoft Word.
• The title should be in lower case, regular (normal) font size, and 14 points. The title must be in the center. The text may use both primary and secondary headings. Subheadings in the text should be in 12 pt, bold (bolt), lower case, and left aligned, with the main headings in the same font and style. There should be a 6-point space between paragraphs and headings.
• The author’s name and last name should be typed in lower case, 12 point regular (normal), and center aligned following the main title, which should be spaced out by 12 points. The (*) sign in 10-point font should be used at the bottom of the page to indicate the title, university, faculty, department, city/country, and ORCID information.
• The font size for the text should be 12 and it should be justified. There should be a 2.5 cm space left at the top, bottom, right, and left. Line spacing must be 12 pt. full spacing. There shouldn’t be any paragraph indentation and paragraph spacing should be 6 points. (Line spacing for images and appendices in the text should be multiple, 1.15 pt.)
• Header-Footer: The author’s name and last name should be printed on double pages in the header section rather than on the article’s initial page, and the article’s meaningfully shortened version should be written in lower case, 11 point, on a single page. (During the applications to be made through the Publication Tracking System, it should be remembered that the articles submitted to the system – in PDF and Microsoft Word format – should not have the author’s name in the header area).
•Page numbers should be included in the header’s top right and left margins in 10-point font; they should not appear on the article’s first page.
•Quotations longer than five lines should begin one centimeter from the beginning of the paragraph and be written one point smaller than the surrounding text. Less than five-line quotations are italicized in the text. Italics are also used to emphasize words and phrases.
•10 point, full spacing should be used for footnotes. Justified alignment and a 0.5 cm indent should be used for the paragraphs. There shouldn’t be a footnote bracket line. In footnotes at the bottom of the page, references in the text should be numbered beginning with 1. There shouldn’t be any other references in the content. When citing sources in footnotes, the titles of books and journals should be italicized, while the names of articles should be both plain and in quotation marks. The complete citation for a source should be included in the footnotes at the beginning of the note; thereafter, the author may choose to use abbreviations like age, agm., or agt. If an author’s work is referenced in more than one book or article, the author’s last name should be included after the first mention of the second work, followed by the full or shortened title of the referenced work. Multi-authored references should list all authors when they are initially cited, and then they should be shortened.
• References: The sources and studies cited in the articles should be listed below the conclusion section of the article. References must be written in 12-point font size and should begin on a separate page beneath this heading. Only the references mentioned in the text should be listed, and they should be arranged alphabetically by the writers’ last names.

Citation Rules
1. Footnotes should be used in the article texts that are submitted to CIEES. Before the punctuation at the sentence’s end, footnotes should be provided.

2. The footnote should read as follows when citing a source for the first time:
Example:
Mübahat S. Kütükoğlu, Osmanlı Belgelerinin Dili (Diplomatik), Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2018, p. 172.

3. The abbreviation “ibid” is used for the source that is cited second time in the footnote, even if a different source is cited in between.
Example:
Mübahat S. Kütükoğlu, Osmanlı Belgelerinin Dili (Diplomatik), Turkish Historical Society Publications,
Ankara 2018, p. 172.
İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, Osmanlı Tarihi, C II, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara
2016, p. 370.
Kütükoğlu, ibid, p. 184.

Remember to put “ibid” after the author’s last name when using the same work in footnotes consecutively. If an author’s works are cited in footnotes more than once, the author’s last name and a short version of the title of his/her second work should be provided following the citation of the first work by the author.

4. The bibliography section should list references in the order “Surname, Name” and the footnotes should list references in the order “Name, Surname”. The bibliographic details of a work are included in the references section but not the page numbers given in the footnotes.
Example:
Footnote: Yaşar Yücel, Muhteşem Türk Kanuni ile 46 Yıl, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2019, p. 30.
Bibliography: Yücel, Yaşar, Muhteşem Türk Kanuni ile 46 Yıl, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2019.

5. The footnote should provide the page(s) where the citation appears if it is taken from an article. Page range information for the article should be provided in the References section.
Example:
Footnote: Feridun M. Emecen, “Geç Orta Çağ Anadolu’sunda Bir Selçuklu Kenti Bolvadin’in Tarihi Gelişimi Üzerine Bazı Notlar”, Belleten, Vol. LXXXV/No. 302, April 2021, p. 23.
Bibliography: Emecen, Feridun M., “Geç Orta Çağ Anadolu’sunda Bir Selçuklu Kenti Bolvadin’in Tarihi Gelişimi Üzerine Bazı Notlar”, Belleten, Vol. LXXXV/No. 302, April 2021, pp. 17-28.

6. The whole bibliographic information of a work should be included when it is used for the first time in a footnote. When necessary, the citations can be shortened within the text, repeated quotations, or footnotes. Abbreviated version of titles, however, are not permitted in the Bibliography section.
Example:
Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi (DİA).
Ankara Üniversitesi Osmanlı Tarihi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Dergisi (OTAM)

Examples for Footnotes and Bibliography
1. Presidency Directorate of State Archives, The Ottoman Archives
First Reference in a Footnote: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA), Cevdet Maliye (C. ML), 753/30679, 27 Ca 1196 / 10 May 1782.
The abbreviation BOA is used only after the first usage of its full version in the footnote.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: BOA, C. ML, 753/30679.
Bibliography: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi
(BOA) Cevdet Maliye (C. ML), 753/30679.
First Reference in a Footnote: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi (BCA), 490.1.0.0/15.79.7., 02.05.1935.
The abbreviation BCA is used only after the first usage of its full version in the footnote.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: BCA, 490.1.0.0/15.79.7.
Bibliography: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi (BCA), 490.1/15.79.7.

2. Turkish Historical Society Archive
First Reference in a Footnote: Türk Tarih Kurumu Arşivi, Osman Ferit Sağlam Koleksiyonu (Collection of Osman Ferit Sağlam) (OFS), 238/19.
The abbreviation “TTK Archive” is used only after the first usage of its full version in the footnote.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: TTK Archive, OFS, 238/19.
Bibliography: Turkish Historical Society Archive (TTK Archive), Osman Ferit Sağlam Koleksiyonu (OFS), 238/19.

3. The Archive of the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre
First Reference in a Footnote: Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi (TKGM.), Tapu Tahrir Defterleri (TT.d.), 49, vr. 7a.
The abbreviation TKGM is used only after the first usage of its full version in the footnote.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: TKGM.TT.d., 49, vr. 7a.
Bibliography: Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi (TKGM.), Tapu Tahrir Defterleri, 49.

4. Archive of Turkish Red Crescent
First Reference in a Footnote: Kızılay Arşivi (KA), 171/91.
The abbreviation KA is used only after the first usage of its full version in the footnote.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: KA, 171/91.
Bibliography: Kızılay Arşivi (KA), 171/91.

5. Archive of the Directorate General of Foundations
First Reference in a Footnote: Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi (VGMA.), İstanbul Vakfiye Defterleri (VKF.İST.d.) 579, p. 152.
The abbreviation VGMA is used only after the first usage of its full version in the footnote.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: VGMA.VKF.İST.d., 579, p. 152.
Bibliography: Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi (VGMA.), İstanbul Vakfiye Defterleri (VKF.İST.d.), 579.

6. Book-By A Single Author
Footnote: Mübahat S. Kütükoğlu, Osmanlı Belgelerinin Dili (Diplomatik), Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2018, p. 172.
Bibliography: Kütükoğlu, Mübahat S., Osmanlı Belgelerinin Dili (Diplomatik), Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2018.

7. Book-By More Than One Authors
First Reference in a Footnote: Ali Sevim-Erdoğan Merçil, Selçuklu Devletleri Tarihi Siyaset, Teşkilât ve Kültür, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2020, p. 45.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: Sevim-Merçil, ibid, p. 57.
Bibliography: Sevim, Ali-Merçil, Erdoğan, Selçuklu Devletleri Tarihi Siyaset, Teşkilât ve Kültür, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2020.
First Reference in a Footnote: Yasemin Demircan, Levent Kayapınar, Ayşe Kayapınar, Osmanlı Dönemi Ege Adaları Tarihi Kikladlar, C I, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2020, p. 55.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: Demircan et al., ibid., p. 60.
Bibliography: Demircan, Yasemin-Kayapınar, Levent-Kayapınar, Ayşe, Osmanlı Dönemi Ege Adaları Tarihi Kikladlar, C I, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2020.

8. Article-By A Single Author
Footnote: Ahmet Kılınç, “Klasik Dönem Osmanlı Devleti’nde Uygulanan Kürek Cezasının Hukuki Tahlili”, Belleten, Vol. LXXIX/No. 285, August 2015, p. 540.
Bibliography: Kılınç, Ahmet, “Klasik Dönem Osmanlı Devleti’nde Uygulanan Kürek Cezasının Hukuki Tahlili”, Belleten, Vol. LXXIX/No. 285, August 2015, pp. 531-558.

9. Article- By Two Authors
First Reference in a Footnote: Kemal Beydilli-İsmail E. Erünsal, “Prut Savaşı Öncesi Diplomatik Bir Teşebbüs Seyfullah Ağa’nın Viyana Elçiliği (1711)”, Belgeler, Vol. XXII/No. 26, January 2001, p. 12.
Subsequent References in a Footnote: Beydilli-Erünsal, ibid, p. 15.
Bibliography: Beydilli, Kemal-Erünsal, İsmail E., “Prut Savaşı Öncesi Diplomatik Bir Teşebbüs Seyfullah Ağa’nın Viyana Elçiliği (1711)”, Belgeler, Vol. XXII/No. 26, January 2001, pp. 1-129.

10. Book-With Editor(s)
Footnote: Mahir Said Pekmen, Fizan Hatıraları, eds. Hasan Babacan-Servet Avşar, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2018, p. 30.
Bibliography: Pekmen, Mahir Said, Fizan Hatıraları, eds. Hasan Babacan-Servet Avşar, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2018.

11. Manuscripts
Footnote: Alâeddin Ali Çelebi, Hümâyunnâme, Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi, Hâlet Efendi 374, fol. 290a.
Bibliography: Alâeddin Ali Çelebi, Hümâyunnâme, Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi, Hâlet Efendi 374.

12. Book- With no Author
Footnote: Atatürk’ün Özdeyişleri, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2020, p. 18.
Bibliography: Atatürk’ün Özdeyişleri, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2020.

13. Book-Translated
Footnote: Gleb Golubev, Uluğ Bey, trans. Abdrasul İsakov, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2021, p. 70.
Bibliography: Golubey, Gleb, Uluğ Bey, trans. Abdrasul İsakov, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2021.

14. Papers Presented at Meetings
Footnote: Yunus Koç, “Türk Tarih Kurumu ve Türk Tarihçiliğindeki Yeri”, in Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türkiye’de Tarihçilik ve Tarih Yayıncılığı Sempozyumu, Ankara 18-20 March 2010, Bildiriler, ed. Mehmet Öz, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2011, p. 658.
Bibliography: Koç, Yunus, “Türk Tarih Kurumu ve Türk Tarihçiliğindeki Yeri”, in Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türkiye’de Tarihçilik ve Tarih Yayıncılığı Sempozyumu, Ankara 18-20 March 2010, Bildiriler, ed. Mehmet Öz, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2011, pp. 655-667.

15. Chapter in a Book
Footnote: Nurcan Abacı, “Bir Tarih Metni Nasıl İnşa Edilir?”, in Tarih Nasıl Yazılır? Tarihyazımı için Çağdaş Bir Metedoloji, ed. Ahmet Şimşek, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2019, p. 180.
Bibliography: Nurcan Abacı, “Bir Tarih Metni Nasıl İnşa Edilir?”, in Tarih Nasıl Yazılır? Tarihyazımı için Çağdaş Bir Metedoloji, ed. Ahmet Şimşek, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2019, pp. 177-193.

16. Chapter in a Book without Editor(s)
Footnote: M. Tayyip Gökbilgin, “Kanunî Sultan Süleyman’ın Macaristan ve Avrupa Siyasetinin Sebep ve Âmilleri, Geçirdiği Safhalar”, in Kanunî Armağanı, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2001, p. 9.
Bibliography: Gökbilgin, M. Tayyip, “Kanunî Sultan Süleyman’ın Macaristan ve Avrupa Siyasetinin Sebep ve Âmilleri, Geçirdiği Safhalar”, in Kanunî Armağanı, Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2001, pp. 5-39.

17. Thesis & Dissertations
Footnote: Erhan Afyoncu, Necati Efendi Târih-i Kırım (Rusya Sefâretnamesi), Marmara University Institute of Social Sciences, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Istanbul 1990, p. 40.
Bibliography: Afyoncu, Erhan, Necati Efendi Târih-i Kırım (Rusya Sefâretnamesi), Marmara University Institute of Social Sciences, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Istanbul 1990.

18. Encyclopedia
Footnote: Abdülkadir Özcan, “Târîh-i Osmânî Encümeni”, Turkish Religious Foundation Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 5, Istanbul 2011, p. 84.
Bibliography: Özcan, Abdülkadir, “Târîh-i Osmânî Encümeni”, Turkish Religious Foundation Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 5, Istanbul 2011, pp. 83-86.

19. Newspaper Article-With Author(s)
Footnote: Hüseyin Cahid Yalçın, “Millî Matem”, Yeni Sabah, 10 İkinciteşrin 1940, p. 1.
Bibliography: Yalçın, Hüseyin Cahid, “Millî Matem”, Yeni Sabah, 10 İkinciteşrin 1940.

20. Newspaper Article-Without Author(s)
Footnote: “İngilizler Dün Münih Şehrini Bombaladılar”, Yeni Sabah, 10 İkinciteşrin 1940, p. 3.
Bibliography: “İngilizler Dün Münih Şehrini Bombaladılar”, Yeni Sabah, 10 İkinciteşrin 1940.

21. Web Page
Footnote: https://www.ttk.gov.tr/belgelerle-tarih/fotograflarla-ttk, accessed on: 01.05.2021.
Bibliography: https://www.ttk.gov.tr/belgelerle-tarih/fotograflarla-ttk, accessed on: 01.05.2021.
Footnote: Selim Erdoğan, “Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi: Saha Araştırmaları”, Akademik Tarih, https://www.akademiktarihtr.com/sakaryameydanmuharebesi/, accessed on: 01.05.2021.
Bibliography: Erdoğan, Selim, “Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi: Saha Araştırmaları”, Akademik Tarih, https://www.akademiktarihtr.com/sakaryameydanmuharebesi/, accessed on: 01.05.2021.

22. Oral History
Footnote: Interview with Alp Arslan (birth 1935) on 01.05.2021.
Bibliography: Interview with Alp Arslan (birth 1935), (on 01.05.2021).

23. E-Book
Footnote: Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (Toplu Makaleler Belleten), C 1, Ayşe Bedir (ed.), Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2021, p. 995, accessed on: 01.05.2021, https://www.ttk.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GAZI-MUSTAFA-KEMAL-ATATURK-Toplu-Makaleler-Belleten-Cilt-1.pdf
Bibliography: Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (Toplu Makaleler Belleten), C 1, Ayşe Bedir (ed.), Turkish Historical Society Publications, Ankara 2021, accessed on: 01.05.2021, https://www.ttk.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GAZI-MUSTAFA-KEMAL-ATATURK-Toplu-Makaleler-Belleten-Cilt-1.pdf